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Oracle 具有一个热备，在不关闭数据库的情况下数据的导出和导入也是我们经常使用 impdp和expdp 命令

下面我们来学习一下这两个命令是如何操作的。

操作环境：CentOS 6.5

Oralce 版本：Oracle 11g

一、创建一个目录准备当备份目录

[oracle@UL01 ~]$ mkdir oracle_back_dir

[oracle@UL01 oracle_back_dir]$ pwd

/home/oracle/oracle_back_dir

二、在Oracle 创建一个目录指向/home/oracle/oracle_back_dir 目录和授权该目录给UL01账号

[oracle@UL01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Oct 25 21:56:09 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

SQL> create or replace directory data_pump_dir as '/home/oracle/oracle_back_dir';

Directory created.

SQL>

SQL> grant read,write on directory data_pump_dir to UL01;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant exp_full_database,imp_full_database to UL01;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> exit;

三、导出数据库

[oracle@UL01 ~]$ expdp UL01/Ipnet123 directory=data_pump_dir dumpfile=UL01_ALL.dmp logfile=UL01_LOG.log

[oracle@UL01 oracle_back_dir]$ expdp UL01/Ipnet123 directory=data_pump_dir dumpfile=UL01_ALL.dmp logfile=UL01_LOG.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Oct 25 22:17:13 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Starting "UL01"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": UL01/******** directory=data_pump_dir dumpfile=UL01_ALL.dmp logfile=UL01_LOG.log

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2.562 MB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

. . exported "UL01"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01" 1.944 MB 3323 rows

Master table "UL01"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for UL01.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/oracle/oracle_back_dir/UL01_ALL.dmp

Job "UL01"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at Wed Oct 25 22:17:36 2017 elapsed 0 00:00:22

[oracle@UL01 oracle_back_dir]$

四、导入数据库

[oracle@UL01 oracle_back_dir]$ impdp UL01/Ipnet123 directory=data_pump_dir dumpfile=UL01_ALL.dmp logfile=UL01_LOG.log

五、完成Oracle的导出和导入步骤，